Key Components and Their Functions

Cylinder
The cylinder is the core working area of the piston air compressor. The piston moves up and down within the cylinder, completing the intake, compression, and exhaust processes. Cylinders are typically made of high-strength cast iron or steel to withstand high pressure and temperature.

Function:

Houses the piston and provides the workspace for air compression.
Withstands the high pressure and temperature of compressed air.

Piston
The piston is the main working component that compresses the air by moving back and forth within the cylinder. Pistons are usually made from aluminum alloy or steel, providing good wear resistance and heat conductivity.

Function:

Moves up and down within the cylinder, changing its volume to compress air.
Maintains the airtight seal within the cylinder through piston rings.

Piston Rod
The piston rod connects the piston to the crankshaft, converting the crankshaft's rotational motion into the piston's linear reciprocating motion. Piston rods are typically made from high-strength steel to endure heavy loads.

Function:

Connects the piston to the crankshaft, transmitting motion.
Endures the force generated during the piston’s movement.

Crankshaft
The crankshaft converts the rotational motion of the motor or engine into the piston's reciprocating motion. It connects to the piston rod via a connecting rod, usually made from high-strength steel or cast iron, providing high wear resistance and strength.

Function:

Converts the motor or engine's rotational motion into the piston's reciprocating motion.
Drives the piston up and down through the connecting rod, completing the air compression process.

Connecting Rod
The connecting rod links the crankshaft and the piston rod, transmitting the crankshaft's rotational motion to the piston. Connecting rods are typically made from high-strength steel to withstand high pressure and temperature.

Function:

Connects the crankshaft to the piston rod, transmitting motion.
Converts the crankshaft's rotational motion into the piston's reciprocating motion.

Valves
The valves in an air compressor include intake and exhaust valves, controlling the flow of air in and out. These valves are typically made from high-temperature and corrosion-resistant materials to ensure long-term reliability.

Function:

Intake valve: Opens during the piston's downstroke to allow air into the cylinder.
Exhaust valve: Opens during the piston's upstroke to release compressed air from the cylinder.

Crankcase
The crankcase houses the crankshaft and connecting rod, typically made from cast iron or aluminum alloy. It provides an enclosed space for lubrication and cooling of the crankshaft and connecting rod.

Function:

Houses and protects the crankshaft and connecting rod.
Provides lubrication and cooling, extending the lifespan of the crankshaft and connecting rod.

Receiver Tank
The receiver tank stores compressed air, providing a stable air supply. Receiver tanks are usually made from steel to withstand high pressure.

Function:

Stores compressed air, providing a stable air supply.
Buffers pressure fluctuations, ensuring steady output of compressed air.

Cooling System
The cooling system cools the compressed air and the equipment itself, typically including fans, water coolers, or oil coolers.

Function:

Reduces the temperature of compressed air, preventing equipment overheating.
Enhances compressor efficiency and lifespan.

Lubrication System
The lubrication system lubricates the piston, crankshaft, connecting rod, and other moving parts, typically using oil or oil-free lubrication methods.

Function:

Reduces friction, lowering wear.
Enhances operational efficiency and lifespan of the equipment.

A piston air compressor consists of several key components, each playing a crucial role in the air compression and delivery process. Understanding the structure and function of these components helps in better use and maintenance of the air compressor, improving its efficiency and reliability. Selecting the right air compressor and performing regular maintenance are key to ensuring long-term stable operation. For more information, please visit the Sayi Group website: www.sayiair.com.